Chinese Art & Architecture

Series 0, Section II CHINESE ART
See: An Outline of Chinese Art, separate text:
Section I, Art of India; Section III, Japanese Art.

MAP25 Art Map of China.

NEOLITHIC (c.4000-c.1500 B.C.E.)

O 86 Pottery of Yang-shao, Ch’ing-lien-kang, & Lung-shan Cultures
People’s Republic of China
O 87 Painted Pottery Urn from Pan-shan, Kansu, Museum, Stockholm
Compare: M190, Mesopotamia; O 1, Indus Valley; O 402, Iran.

SHANG (YIN) DYNASTY (c.1500-c.1100 B.C.E.)
EARLY AND MIDDLE CHOU (ZHOU) DYNASTY (c. 1100-c.600 B.C.E.)

O 88 White Pottery Urn, Oracle Bone, Carved Bone, from Anyang Freer, Washington D.C.;Cernuschi, Paris;Art Institute, Chicago
O 89 Stone Monster and Owl from Anyang Academia Sinica,Taipei
O 90 Types of Ritual Bronze Vessels with Old Characters (drawing).
O 91 Bronze Vessels, Ting, Chia, Ho, China;Freer Gallery,Washington D.C.;Nezu Museum,Tokyo
O 92 Bronze Vessels, Ting, Art Institute, Chicago;Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
O 93 Bronze Vessels, Ku, Chueh, Gardner Museum, Boston;Freer, Washington D.C.
O 94 Bronze Vessel, Tsun, British Museum, London
O 95 Bronze Vessel, Yu or I, Musée Cernuschi, Paris
O 96 Bronze Vessel, Hu Museum, Boston
O 97 Jade Figure and Bird Plaque, Peking; British Museum, London
O 98 Bronze Altar with Vessels, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
O 99 Bronze Vessel, Fang I, Freer Gallery, Washington D.C.
O 100 Bronze Buffalo & Elephant, Inst., Minneapolis;Freer, Washington D.C.
O 101 Bronze Tigers & Owl, Freer,Washington D.C.;Yale U. Art Museurn, New Haven
O 102 Bronze Vessels, Kuei & Tui, Malcolm Collection;Freer, Washington D.C.
O 103 Bronze Vessel, Yu, Museum, Boston
O 104 Bronze Masks, Art Institute,Chicago
O 105 Bronze Axe and Finial, Mus.,Cleveland;Inst.,Minneapolis
O 106 Bronze Spiral, Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
O 107 Jade Objects: Pi, Tsung, Kuei, Freer Gallery, Washington D.C.

LATE CHOU (ZHOU) DYNASTY (c.600-c.250 B.C.E.)

WARRING STATES PERIOD (c.480-222 B.C.E.)

O 108 Bronze Vessel, Chien, Oeder Collection, Berlin
O 109 Bronze Bell, Chung, Stoclet Collection, Brussels
O 110 Bronze Rhinoceros Vessel, Tsun, Museum, Peking
O 111 Bronze Vessel, Ting, Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
O 112 Bronze Knocker & Inlaid Finial, Gold Dagger Handle, China;Museum,Cleveland;British         Museum,London
O 113 Bronze Inlaid Vessel, Ting, Institute, Minneapolis
O 114 Gilt-Bronze Dragon Head; Bronze Inlaid Buffalo Head, Freer Gallery,Washington;British         Museum,London
O 115 Bronze Inlaid Buckles, Oppenheim Coll.;Art Institute,Chicago
O 116 Lacquered Wood Cranes and Serpents, Museum,Cleveland
        Compare: O 129-130, lacquer paintings; O 137, lacquer vessel.
O 117 Jade Disk with Dragons, Pi, Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
O 118 Bronze Mirrors, Hosokawa Coll.;Art Institute, Chicago
O 119 Bronze Wrestlers and Dragon, British Museum, London; Stoclet Collection

CH’IN (QIN) DYNASTY (221 - 206 B.C.E.)
HAN DYNASTY (206 B.C.E. - 221 C.E.)

O 120 Terracotta Figures from Ch’in Emperor’s Tomb, Museum, Shensi
O 121 Bronze Vessel with Gold and Silver, Hu, Art Institute, Chicago
O 122 Bronze Incense Burner and Gilt-Bronze Lamp, Museum, Hopei
O 123 Jade Burial Suit and Horse, China; Victoria & Albert Museum, London
O 124 Bronze Horse’on Swallow, People’s Republic of China
O 125 Bronze Inlaid Cylinder from Lo-lang, Arts University, Tokyo
O 126 Gold Buckle & Embroidery, Museum, Seoul;Hermitage, Leningrad
O 127 Bronze Mirrors, Metropolitan Museum, New York;Museum, Boston
O 128 Bronze Deer and Animal Plaque from Ordos, Weill Collection;Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
Compare: M 218, Scythian; O 403 Luristan; O 639, Dong-son.
O 129 Basket with Lacquered Figures from Lo-lang, Museum, Seoul
O 130 Lacquered Fragments of Animals from Lo-lang, Museum, Seoul
O 131 Stone Horse and Rubbing of Demon Ho Ch’u-ping Tomb, Shensi
O 132 Funerary Pillar of Shen and Detail, Ch’u-hsien, Szechwan
O 133 Tomb Reliefs from Shantung, Metropolitan Museum, New York;Rietberg Museum, Zurich
O 134 Tomb Relief Rubbings of History and Myth, Wu-liang Tz’u
O 135 Tomb Relief Rubbings of Cauldron and Visit, Wu-liang Tz’u
O 136 Tomb Tile Rubbings of Hunters and Entertainers, Szechwan
O 137 Lacquer Vessel; Clay House Model & Figure, China;Museum, Boston
O 138 Painted Pottery House Model, Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
O 139 Painted Silk Funerary Banner from Ma-wang-tui, China
O 140 Painted Tile of Men Conversing from Loyang, Museum, Boston

NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN DYNASTIES (221-581 C.E.)
WEI DYNASTY (386-557 C.E.)

Sculpture

O 141 Stone Lion (Chimera) Liang Tomb of Hsiao Hsiu, Nanking
O 142 Colossal Buddha and Attendant, Cave XX, Yün-kang
        Compare: O37,Bamiyan; O 152, Mai-chi-shan;O 178, Lung-men.
O 143 Wall Reliefs of Bodhisattvas in Niches Cave VI, Yün-kang
O 144 Interior and Relief of Siddhartha Cave VI, Yün-kang
O 145 Seated Bodhisattvas, Yün-kang; Metropolitan Museum, New York
O 146 Wall Reliefs with Bodhisattvas, Ku-yang Cave, Lung-mên
O 147 Buddhas with Attendants, Pin-yang Cave, Lung-mên
O 148 Emperor Relief from Lung-mên, Metropolitan Museum, New York
O 149 Empress Relief from Lung-mên, Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
O 150 Bodhisattva Maitreya from Loyang, Museum, Boston
O 151 Bodhisattva Heads, Museum, Boston;Metropolitan Museum, New York
O 152 View and Colossal Clay-Modeled Figures, Mai-chi-shan
O 153 Buddhist Stelae, 528, c.540, Metroplitan Museum, New York;Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
O 154 Buddhist Stele with Sakyamuni Trinity, Villa Madama, Rome
O 155 Buddhist Stele & Detail, c.540, Metropolitan Museum, New York
O 156 Buddhist Stele (Wetzel), 554, Museum, Boston
O 157 Gilt-Bronze Sakyamuni, 338, Asian Art Museum, San Francisco
        Compare: O 26, O 29-30, Kushan and Gandhara Buddhas.
O 158 Gilt-Bronze Maitreyas, 477, 520, Metropolitan Museum, New York;Museum, Detroit
        Compare: O 41, O 43, O 45, Gupta Buddhas.
O 159 Gilt-Bronze Shrine of Two Buddhas, 518, Musée Guimet, Paris
        Compare: O 255-256, O 261, Horyuji Buddhas, Nara.
O 160 Gilt-Bronze Buddhist Shrine, 524, Metropolitan Museum, New York

Painting

O 161 Wang Hsi-chih, Calligraphy (copy) National Museum, Tokyo
        See:O 88, O 651, O 653, O 658, O 663, O 670, other calligraphy.
O 162 Engraved Stone Sarcophagus Rubbing, Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
O 163 Ku K’ai-chih, Admonitions Handscroll, Instructress British Museum, London
O 164 Ku K’ai-chih, Admonitions Handscroll, Family, British Museum, London
O 165 Ku K’ai-chih, Nymph of Lo River, Freer Gallery, Washington D.C.
O 166 Azure Dragon of East, tomb detail, Guken-ri, Korea
O 167 Celestial Deities, ceiling detail, Cave 120N, Tun-huang
        Compare:O 40, O 605-606, Central Asia paintings.
O 168 Pottery Tomb Figurines, Paris; Kansas City; Toronto

NORTHERN CH’I DYNASTY (550-577 C.E.)
SUI DYNASTY (581-618 C.E.)

O 169 Buddhist Stele, 569 Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
O 170 Reliefs of Adorants and Columns from T’ien-lung-shan, Fogg Art Museum, Cambridge
O 171 Standing Bodhisattvas, Univ.Mus.,Phila.;Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
Compare:O 41-45, Gupta; O 76, O 640, O 646, Southeast Asia.
O 172 Standing Kuan-yin from Ch’ang-an, Museum, Boston
O 173 Bronze Buddhist Shrine (Tuan Fang), 593, Museum, Boston
O 174 Bronze Bodhisattva & Monk, Museum,Boston;Metropolitan Museum, New York

T’ANG DYNASTY (618-906 C.E.)

Sculpture

O 175 Relief of Horse from T’ai-tsung Tomb, Univ.Mus.,Philadelphia
O 176 Stupa Front with Dragons, Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
O 177 Stele with Two Bodhisattvas, Metropolitan Museum, New York
O 178 Colossal Vairocana Buddha Group, Feng-hsien-ssu, Lung-mên
O 179 Two Guardian Figures, Feng-hsien-ssu, Lung-mên
O 180 Seated Buddhas with Bodhisattvas, T’ien-lung-shan
O 181 Clay Bodhisattva from Tun-huang, Fogg Art Museum, Cambridge
O 182 Standing Bodhisattvas, University Museum, Philadelphia
O 183 Bodhisattva Torso from Hopei, Museum, Cleveland
O 184 Lion from Hopei, Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
O 185 Gilt-Bronze Deities, Musée Guimet,Paris;Museum,St.Louis
Compare: O 273, Bronze Musician, Todaiji, Nara.
O 186 Bronze Mirrors, Freer Gallery, Washington D.C.;Museum, Boston

Painting

O 187 Sage Vimalakirti, fresco Cave 103, Tun-huang
        Compare: O 279-280, Banner and Panel, Shosoin, Nara.
O 188 Fight for Buddha’s Relics, fresco Cave 70, Tun-huang
O 189 Western Paradise of Amitabha, fresco Cave 139A, Tun-huang
O 190 Kuan-yin, banner from Tun-huang, British Museum, London
O 191 Paradise of Amitabha from Tun-huang, British Museum, London
        Compare: O 167, Cave 120N; O 265-266, Horyuji frescoes.
O 192 Court Ladies & Horsemen, frescoes Royal Tombs, Ch’ien-hsien
O 193 Li Chen, Patriarch Amoghavajra, Toji, Kyoto
O 194 Han Kan, The Horse Night-White, Metropolitan Museum, New York
O 195 Yên Li-pên, Emperor Wên-ti, Museum, Boston
O 196 Yên Li-pên, Emperor Wu-ti Museum, Boston
        Compare: O 175, O 221-222, attributed to Yên Li-pên.
O 197 Chou Fang, Tuning Lute & Drinking Tea, Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
        Compare: O 220, Silk Beaters, copy after Chang Hsüan.
O 198 Emperor Ming-huang Travelling in Shu, Palace Museum, Taipei

Ceramics

O 199 Tomb Figurines of Horse & Camel, Jones Collection; Museum, Boston
O 200 Glazed Jar & Seated Lady, Art Institute, Chicago;Museum, Boston
O 201 Glazed Plate & Amphora Vase, Art Instsitute, Chicago;Museum, Boston
O 202 Pilgrim Bottle & Cup, Art Institute, Chicago;Sedgwick Collection, London
        Compare:A 9, O 415, O 435, Greek and Iranian vessels esp. rhytons.

FIVE DYNASTIES (907-960)
SUNG (SONG) DYNASTY (960-1279)

Sculpture

O 203 Lohans (lacquer & pottery), Academy, Honolulu;Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
O 204 Seated Kuan-yin (wood), Museum, Boston
Compare: O 71, O 607, Indian seated deities.

Painting

O 205 Deer among Red-leaved Maples, Palace Museum, Taipei
O 206 Ching Hao, Landscape of Lu Shan; Chü-jan, Seeking the Tao; Li Ch’êng, Buddhist         Temple, Palace Museum.;Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
O 207 Fan K’uan, Temple among Snowy Hills, Museum, Boston
O 208 Fan K’uan, Travelling amid Mountains, Palace Museum, Taipei
O 209 Kuo Hsi, Early Spring, Palace Museum, Taipei
O 210 Kuo Hsi, Clear Autumn Skies; Tung Yüan, Clear Weather, Freer Gallery, Washington         D.C.; Museum, Boston
O 211 Li Lung-mien, Realms of Immortals, Freer Gallery, Washington D.C.
O 212 Hsü Tao-ning, Fishing, Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
O 213 Mi Fei, Misty Landscape, Freer Gallery, Washington D.C.
O 214 Li T’ang, Old Man on Water-Buffalo, Museum, Boston
O 215 Li T’ang, Mountain Landscape with Waterfall, Daitokuji, Kyoto
O 216 Chao Po-chü, Han Emperor Entering Kuan-chung, Museum, Boston
O 217 Chao Po-chü, Han Imperial Palace, Palace Museum, Taipei
O 218 Chang Tse-tuan, Life Along the River, Palace Museum,T aipei
O 219 Emperor Hui-tsung, Five-colored Parakeet, Museum, Boston
O 220 Emperor Hui-tsung, Ladies Preparing Silk, Museum, Boston
        Compare: O 197, Sung scroll after T’ang design.
O 221 Scholars Collating Classic Texts, Museum, Boston
O 222 Heads, details of O 220 and O 221 Museum, Boston
O 223 Lady Wên-chi’s Captivity & Return to China, Museum, Boston
O 224 Mi Yu-jên, Misty Mountains by River, Museum, Cleveland
O 225 Ma Yüan, Egrets in Snow under Tree, Palace Museum, Taipei
O 226 Ma Yüan, Bare Willows and Distant Mountains, Museum, Boston
O 227 Hsia Kuei, Rain Storm, ex-Kawasaki Collection, Kobe
O 228 Hsia Kuei, Pure and Remote Views, Palace Museum, Taipei
O 229 Ma Lin, Lady Ling-chao in Snow, Museum, Boston
O 230 Chao Mêng-chien, Narcissus, Freer Gallery, Washington D.C.
        Compare: O 250, O 653, O 663, bamboo paintings.
O 231 Chang Ssu-kung, Priest Pu-kung, Kozanji, Kyoto
O 232 Lin T’ing-kuei, Arhats Bestowing Alms, Museum, Boston
O 233 Lu Hsin-chung, Arhat Vanavasi, Museum, Boston
O 234 Hsi-chin Chü-shih, One of Kings of Hell, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
O 235 Mu-ch’i, Crane, Kuan-yin, Monkeys, Daitokuji, Kyoto
O 236 Ying Yü-chien, Mountain Village in Mist, Idemitsu Museum, Tokyo
O 237 Ying Yü-chien, Mountain Village detail, Idemitsu Museum, Tokyo
O 238 Ch’ên Jung, Nine Dragons, Museum, Boston
O 239 Ch’ên Jung, Nine Dragons detail, Museum, Boston
O 240 Ma Fên, Hundred Geese, Academy, Honolulu
O 241 Liang K’ai, Poet Li Po, Patriarch Hui-nêng, Museum, Tokyo;Mitsui Collection
O 242 Mu-ch’i, Six Persimmons, Daitokuji, Kyoto

Ceramics

O 243 Yüeh Bowl & Lung-ch’üan Vase, Metropolitan Museum, New York;Art Institute, Chicago
O 244 Ju Vase and Ko Vase, China;David Foundation, London
O 245 Chün Bowl and Kuan Vase, Metropolitan Museum, NY; Freer Gallery, Washington D.C.
O 246 Ying-ch'ing (Ch’ing-pai) Bowl with Flowers, Museum, Boston
O 247 Ting Bowl with Ducks and Reeds, Museum, Boston
O 248 Tz’u-chou Vases with Dragon and Figures, Nelson Gallery, Kansas City;Museum, Boston
        See: O 203, Sung glazed pottery Lohan.
O 249 Tzu-chou Jar with Flowers; Chien (Temmoku) Tea Bowl, David Foundation,          London;Museum, Boston
        Compare: O 685, Korean ceramics; O 696, Japanese tea bowls.

YÜAN DYNASTY (1260-1368)

O 250 Ch’ien Hsüan, Wang-Hsi-chih Watching Geese; Li K’an, Bamboo, Metropolitan Museum of         Art, New York;Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
        See:O 161, Wang Hsi-chih calligraphy; O 653, O 663, bamboo.
O 651 Chao Meng-fu, Sheep and Goat, Freer Gallery, Washington D.C.
O 652 Huang Kung-wang, Fu-ch’un Mountains, Palace Museum, Taipei
        Compare:O 206, O 209-210, Five Dynasties landscapes.
O 653 Wu Chen, Fisherman; Bamboo, Freer, Washington D.C.;Palace Museum, Taipei
O 654 Ni Tsan, Jung-hsi Studio, Palace Museum, Taipei
O 655 Wang Meng, Scenic Dwelling at Chü-ch’u, Palace Museum, Taipei
O 656 Lung-ch’üan, Dish with Dragon; Blue Underglaze 1351 Temple Vases, David Foundation,         London
        Compare:O 243, Yüeh bowl with dragon and Lung-ch’üan vase.

MING DYNASTY (1368-1644)

O 657 Tai Chin, Autumn River with Fisherman, Freer Gallery, Washington D.C.
O 658 Shen Chou, Gardening & Poet on Mountain. .Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
O 659 Wen Cheng-ming, Cypress and Rock, Nelson Gallery, Kansas City
O 660 T’ang Yin, Early Spring (Pines), Palace Museum, Taipei
O 661 Ch’iu Ying, Emperor Fording River; Ch’ên Hung-shou, Lady Hsuan Teaching Classics,         National Gallery, Ottawa;Museum, Cleveland
O 662 Tung Ch’i-ch’ang, Ch’ing-pien Mountains; Landscape, Weng Collection, New         York;Drenowatz Collection, Zurich
O 663 Hsü Wei, Flowers & Poems; woodblock print from The Ten Bamboo Studio Treatise, Freer         Gallery, Washington D.C.;British Museum, London
O 664 Dish with Blue Underglaze, Tou-ts’ai Wine Cup, Fa-hua Vase, Te-hua Kuan-yin Figurine,         Museum, Cleveland
        See:O 679, Ming Tombs Spirit Way sculpture.
O 665 Ming Lacquer Box with Dragon and Ch'ing Imperial Dragon Robe, Royal Ontario Museum,         Toronto

CH’ING (QING) DYNASTY (1644-1912)

O 666 Wang Hui, Landscape of Mt. Fu-ch’un, Freer Gallery, Washington D.C.
O 667 Wang Yüan-ch’i, Landscape; Wu Li, Pine Wind from Myriad Valleys, Museum, Cleveland
O 668 Hung-jen, Coming of Autumn, Academy, Honolulu
O 669 Kung Hsien, Peaks and Ravines, Drenowatz Collection, Zurich
O 670 Chu Ta, Fish & Rocks, Landscape; K’un-ts’an, Pao-ên Temple, Museum,         Cleveland;Museum, Stockholm;Sumitomo Collection
O 671 Tao-chi, Peach Blossom Spring; House Beneath Cliff, Freer Gallery, Washington         D.C.;Wang Collection, New York
O 672 Vases of Ox-blood Glaze, Peach-bloom Glaze, Famille Noire, Blue Underglaze,
        Ku-yüeh- hsüan Style, Museum, Cleveland
        See: O 677, Ch’ing Throne Room decorations; O 655, dragon robe.

CHINESE ARCHITECTURE

    See:O 132-133, O 137-138, Han buildings; O142-144, O146-147,O 152, O 178-180, Buddhist     caves; O 176, stupa front.

O 673 Great Wall with Watchtowers, Hopei
O 674 Pagodas of Sung-yüeh-ssu, Tz’u-ên-ssu, Fo-kuang-ssu, Mount Sung ;Ch’ang-an ;
         Ying-hsien
        Compare: O 54, Bodhgaya O 252, O 267, Horyuji and Yakushiji.
O 675 Temple Halls of Fo-kuang-ssu and Lung-hsing-ssu, Wu-t’ai, Shansi ;Chêng-ting, Hopei
        See: O 211, 217-218, 223, Sung buildings in paintings.
O 676 Aerial View and View of Forbidden City to South, Peking
O 677 T’ai-ho-tien (Hall of Supreme Harmony) Court and Throne, Peking
O 678 Ch’i-nien-tien (Hall of Annual Prayers), Peking
O 679 Spirit Way, Gateway, Entry Pavilion, Ming Tombs, Peking
        See:O 131-132, 141, 175, earlier tomb markers.
O 680 Lake, Gallery, Tower, Arched Bridge, Summer Palace, Peking
        Compare:O 369, 698, Samboin and Katsura gardens, Kyoto.

KOREA

See:O 125-126, 129-130, Han art at Lo-lang;O 166, tomb mural.

O 681 Gold Crown, Gilt-Bronze Maitreya, Pottery Vessel of Warrior, National Museum,          Kyongju,Seoul
        See:O 252-254, O 257, O 259-260, Paekche art in Japan.
O 682 Arched Stairway and Pavilions, Pulguk-sa Temple, near Kyongju
O 683 Koryo Celadon Vases and Wine Pot, National Museum, Seoul
        Compare: O 243-249, Sung ceramics.
O 684 Sin Yun-bok, Sword Dancers, album leaf, Museum, Kansong
O 685 Yi Porcelain Jars with Underglaze, National Museum, Seoul
        Compare: O 249, Sung; O 665, Ming;O 696, 699, Japanese ceramics.